Unsupervised Learning
Training a model on unlabelled data and letting it find structure by itself — grouping similar customers, say, without being told what the groups are.
Related terms
LLM (Large Language Model)
The kind of AI behind ChatGPT, Claude and Gemini. It is trained on an enormous amount of text and predicts what should come next, which is enough to answer questions, summarise, translate and write.
AEO (Answer Engine Optimization)
Answer Engine Optimization is the work of becoming the source that answers a question rather than one of ten links offered. It matters because search increasingly replies with a written answer, and only one or two businesses get named inside it.
Neural Network
A system of simple connected units, loosely inspired by the brain, that learns patterns from examples rather than following rules somebody wrote. Nearly all modern AI is built on one.
Product Schema
Markup for an item you sell: name, price, currency, availability, condition. Without it an assistant reading your shop has to guess the price from the page, and sometimes guesses wrong.
AI Citation
When an assistant names your website as the source of something it said, usually with a link. A citation is the AI-era equivalent of a first-page ranking — it is the thing worth competing for.
NLP (Natural Language Processing)
The field concerned with computers handling human language: understanding it, generating it, translating it. Everything from spam filters to chat assistants sits somewhere in it.